PrecautionsDTC “c28” (p1655): secondary throttle
valve actuator (stva) malfunction
Detected condition and possible cause
Detected condition
Possible cause
The operation voltage does not reach the stva.
Ecm does not receive communication signal from the
stva. Stva can not operate properly or its motor locked
Stva malfunction.
...
Specifications
Service data
Thermostat + radiator + fan + coolant
Tightening torque specifications
Note
the specified tightening torque is described in the following.
“Water hose routing diagram” “water pump components” “water
pump construction”
Reference: for the tig ...
Fastener removal and installation
Type a
Removal
Depress the head of fastener center piece (1).
Pull out the fastener (2).
Installation
Let the center piece stick out toward the head so that
the pawls “a” closes.
Insert the fastener into the installation hole.
Note
to prevent the pawl ...