SpecificationsDTC “c28” (p1655): secondary throttle
valve actuator (stva) malfunction
Detected condition and possible cause
Detected condition
Possible cause
The operation voltage does not reach the stva.
Ecm does not receive communication signal from the
stva. Stva can not operate properly or its motor locked
Stva malfunction.
...
Lower light bulb
Turn the socket 1 counterclockwise
and remove it.
Turn the socket 2 counterclockwise
and remove it.
Remove the bulb 3 from the
socket.
Caution
Oil from your skin may damage
the headlight bulb or shorten
its life.
Grasp the new bulb with a
c ...
Open circuit check
Possible causes for the open circuit are as follows. As
the cause can exist in the connector/coupler or terminal,
they need to be checked carefully.
Loose connection of connector/coupler.
Poor contact of terminal (due to dirt, corrosion or rust,
poor contact tension, entry of f ...