Diagnostic information and procedures
Engine components removable with the
engine in placeDTC “c28” (p1655): secondary throttle
valve actuator (stva) malfunction
Detected condition and possible cause
Detected condition
Possible cause
The operation voltage does not reach the stva.
Ecm does not receive communication signal from the
stva. Stva can not operate properly or its motor locked
Stva malfunction.
...
Engine top side assembly
Assemble the engine top side in the reverse order of
disassembly. Pay attention to the following points:
Cylinder head
Install the dowel pins and a new cylinder head gasket
(1) to the cylinder.
Caution
use a new gasket to prevent gas leakage.
Place the cylinder head ...
Diagnostic information and procedures
Engine mechanical symptom diagnosis
Refer to “engine symptom diagnosis” in section 1a .
Compression pressure check
The compression pressure reading of a cylinder is a
good indicator of its internal condition.
The decision to overhaul the cylinder is often based on
the results of a compressio ...